Lyons Leadership

Even after we’ve suffered a downturn in the market, mutual funds are still popular investments. They offer a way to diversify, are professionally managed, and are easy to buy and sell. In the recent past, mutual funds have been thought of as nearly a no-lose investment, but now that we know that’s not always the case, learning about mutual funds basics can help avoid these kinds of losses in the future.

With more than 10,000 different funds available on the market, it can be tough to determine which are the right buys for you. It is possible to choose a top mutual fund which fits your overall strategy, and knowing the basics is part of knowing which ones are right for you.

Given that mutual funds have provided good returns in the past, no wonder they’ve become so popular. Until late 2008 and into 2009, investors expected these funds to supply diversification in one’s portfolio, and to be fairly safe and post solid profits. It’s true that they offer an easy way to diversify, and risk levels as a result may have been somewhat less than for individual stocks.

Mutual funds are structured to raise their investment capital from a group of investors who buy shares on the open market. The fund management uses that capital to invest in stocks, bonds, and other securities that match the investment objective of the fund. Usually, there are multiple investments within a fund. As the value rises or falls, so the investors each have a share of that gain or loss. When a dividend is paid to the fund, the shareholders receive a dividend proportionally. this arrangement makes it easier to be invested in a wide variety of vehicles under one umbrella.

The way mutual funds are set up is to allow them to take funds from investors and purchase stocks, bonds or investments for the group as a whole. The management team will follow the stated objective of the fund when choosing what to buy. In order to raise capital the fund will offer shares in the fund, for sale on the market to the general public, similar to any other public company seeks to sell its stock to raise capital. The funds will then take the proceeds from this sale, and use that money it to buy a variety of investments to build its portfolio: bonds, stocks, derivatives, or money market instruments and so on.

Shareholders investing in shares of the fund receive a proportional share position in the mutual fund. Literally the shareholders each have ownership of a piece of the securities within the fund. Generally speaking, shareholders are permitted to freely sell any fund shares they own at any time, with the price to be determined by the daily price fluctuations in the share price, based on the performance of the investments.

Some investors decide which mutual fund to choose based only on the performance of the fund or fund family within the past year or so. Some get their ideas from tips from a friend, co-worker or family member. Or, some buyers could be influenced by something they read in a magazine or on the Web. While these methods might result in buying a good fund, they are far from a sure thing. Actually, this is also a risky way to choose an investment, of any kind. Without any analysis of the fund’s characteristics, it’s hard to know if the fund is a good buy for that particular investor.

There are several criteria by which to judge a mutual fund. Such things as the fund’s performance over time, who is managing the fund, the fund’s overall investment objectives are, and so on. As you decide on a mutual fund, you should take into consideration your personal financial plan a well, and determine if the fund is a fit with your objectives. Begin with defining your specific financial goals first, addressing your future financial priorities, the resources you can invest, and what level of risk you are willing to adopt. Add the time line over which you want your strategy to mature.

It’s always fun to talk about the high-flying funds and their performance returns, or then again, since the crash of 2008-2009, it’s not as exciting as it once was. Nevertheless, it is a good lesson to understand that a fund’s total return for the previous several months or years simply isn’t a very good method for rating mutual fund performance. Whatever high returns a fund may have earned in the past, it only takes one down year for performance ratings to drop dramatically. Remember the old saying, past performance is no guarantee of future returns. Instead, determine which is the right fund for you by looking at other funds in the same category of investment, such as bond funds, growth funds, equity income funds, etc.

Also review the record of a fund’s management team – whether they take steps to minimize loss of their capital, and whether they are continuing to provide solid performance. Use these mutual fund basics to analyze which investments, are a good part of your investment foundation.